Malware is any software designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a system. Understanding different malware types is crucial for detection and response.
Malware Categories
- Virus: Self-replicating, attaches to legitimate files
- Worm: Self-propagating across networks (WannaCry, Conficker)
- Trojan: Disguises as legitimate software, opens backdoors
- Ransomware: Encrypts data, demands payment (double extortion attacks)
- Rootkit: Operates at kernel/hypervisor level, hides presence
- Keylogger: Captures keystrokes for credential theft
- Botnet: Controlled by C2 servers for DDoS, mining, spam
- Spyware: Silently monitors user activity
Detection & Prevention
- Maintain updated signatures
- Monitor behavioral anomalies
- Implement endpoint detection and response (EDR)
- Restrict unnecessary privileges